The Great Honor Of The Hundred Acre Woods - 1711 Words

From the ancient ceremonies of China to the Hundred Acre Woods, tigers have had iconic roles in cultures around the world. They symbolize strength, energy, and wealth, and to be associated with one – whether through birth signs or personality traits – is a great honor. Their time on Earth, however, may one day come to an end, and they will be reduced to legends and storybook characters unless we do something to help them. Tigers are beautiful, powerful, and majestic creatures that are being wiped out by humans. If they’re not dying from habitat loss, they’re being hunted for their fur and bones to make fancy clothes and traditional medicines that can be easily replaced with aspirin. We humans act as though our higher intelligence gives us†¦show more content†¦Tigers can eat about 88 pounds of meat at one time and will hunt every eight or nine days. They are not house cats. They are strong, smart, and independent animals that need the respect they are due. Historically, there have been nine subspecies of tigers. Three have become extinct in the last century: the Bali tiger, the Caspian tiger, and the Javan tiger. One subspecies, the South China tiger, is on the top ten list of endangered species list and is projected to disappear in the next ten years. The remaining five subspecies are the Siberian, Bengal, Malayan, Indochinese, and Sumatran tigers. Including all the subspecies, there are fewer than 3,200 wild tigers left in the world. Each of these subspecies inhabits a specific geographical location; the disappearance of a subspecies means the disappearance of tigers in an entire area. For example, when the Caspian tiger, which lived in the Middle East from around the Caspian Sea through Kazakhstan, was declared extinct in the 1970s, tigers weren’t to be found farther west than India. The loss of a subspecies is a very big deal for the ecosystems they occupied. There are two main reasons for the endangerment of tigers. The first reason is poaching. Tigers are often hunted for their fur to make clothing and fashion accessories in both Asian and Western countries. Some traditional Tibetan robes

Functional Areas Free Essays

string(109) " fourth step is to make sure all people have resources, which they intend to share with the others involved\." Functional Area Interrelationships: Kudler Fine Foods Charles Burt, Megan Engelking, Lou Gamache, Rebecca Lanham, and Julie Lee University of Phoenix BUS 475 July 24, 2011 Phyllis Koch Functional Area Interrelationships This paper is based on the Kudler Fine Foods (KFF) virtual organization scenario presented in University of Phoenix Business 475 course (Apollo Group, Inc. , 2009). The following topics will be covered about KFF; the main motivation for the KFF existence from analyzing the vision, mission, values, goals, and the basis for the type of managerial structure employed by KFF. We will write a custom essay sample on Functional Areas or any similar topic only for you Order Now We will identify the key positions that support that organizational structure; explaining all steps of the collaboration process among the serviceable sections that must be employed to accomplish organizational aspirations. An action arrangement is to execute the collaboration process, giving an example of the use of lateral and vertical collaboration within KFF will be given. Another topic will be identifying the key stakeholders and their roles needed to achieve the executive goals, and recommend the collaborative interactions among the significant stakeholders to facilitate the organization’s accomplishments. Reason for Existence Analyzing the strategic plan of KFF reveals the primary reasons for the organization’s existence, and that key components are established for the future success of the company. The mission statement is one of those key components. The mission statement states that the organization is committed to customer satisfaction by providing the finest of foods coupled with knowledgeable, experienced, and helpful staff (Kudler Fine Foods – Our Mission, 2003, Para. 3). The purpose for a mission plan is to provide guidance for the actions of an organization and to help direct decision-making. The mission plan will further identify organizational goals along with the responsibilities that exist to the customer and other stake-holders. KFF has established a mission statement that identifies strong commitment to company goals and values. Another key component to strategic planning is the vision. A vision statement provides a final objective or goal for the organization. Furthermore, it identifies the future result when objectives found in the mission statement are met. Although little is mentioned in the virtual organization link for customers to see about a specific future vision for the company, one may gather the future expectations highlighted in the mission plan. Visionary thoughts include the expectation for KFF to be â€Å"the purveyor of choice for customers aspiring to purchase the finest epicurean delights† (Kudler Fine Foods – Mission Plan, 2003, Para. 3). However, strategic plan the vision Is stated for internal use that â€Å"Kudler Fine Foods will be the premiere gourmet grocery store for those savvy shoppers who are searching for the finest meats, produce, cheeses, and wine† (Kudler Fine Foods – Strategic Plan, 2003, p. 3). The values and goals of KFF contribute to the strategic plan of the organization and identify further reasons for the existence of the organization. The people at KFF understand the high standards that exist in providing quality food. Furthermore, they understand the responsibility to the community and their employees. By taking extra measures, KFF fulfills this responsibility with its Social Responsibility Statement. In an effort to contribute to the local economy, buyers will seek to purchase from local organic farmers when high standards are met. The bakery takes extra steps to ensure healthier baked goods through the use of unbleached flour and seeing that ingredients have no preservatives. Additionally, and certainly noteworthy, KFF rotates food from the shelves and donates food still in â€Å"good† condition to local homeless shelters and food kitchens (Kudler Fine Foods – Strategic Plan, 2003, p. ). These efforts demonstrate the commitment to values and the identified social responsibility. KFF reveals many reasons for the organization’s existence through its use of the company’s mission, vision, values, and goals. Organizational Structure A business’ organizational structure is critical to the business and the employees. An organizational structure is â₠¬Å"the manner in which an organization arranges (or rearranges) itself† (Fontaine, 2007, p. 6). At Kudler Fine Foods (KFF) the organizational structure that they operate under is a functional structure. A functional organizational structure is a structure where the position and function of employees are clearly specified. The business is divided into separate departments with specific tasks (Pearce ; Robinson, 2009). KFF has a hierarchy of authority, which defines who is in charge of which fundamentals and who reports to whom. The decision making, ideas, and plans come from the top hierarchy, in this case Kathy Kudler, the president of KFF. KFF has a vertical dimension with several levels of management. Kudler Fine Foods has a total of three stores that make up the framework of the organizational structure. For instance, the president is at top working with the three store managers. Each store has the same structure hierarchy beginning with the store manager. Under the store manager is the assistant store manager and continues to branch out to the four different department managers – produce and foodstuffs; spirits, cheeses, and wine; meats, and seafood; bakery, and pastries. The key positions that hold the structure together is the administration staff consisting of the president, director of administration and human resources, finance, and accounting, and store operations. Many levels of management exist in the structure. Every employee has a defined role, all of which with the common goal of meeting the needs of the consumer. Kudler Fine Foods operates in a centralized manner allowing KFF to have more upper management control. With a functional structure every employee’s role is important to the vision and goal of the business. Collaboration Process â€Å"Today’s enterprises are striving to create more specialized features through globalization and  collaboration† (Park, 2003, p. 5). Several steps are in the collaboration process. The first step is for all the people in the process to come to an agreement on the collaboration process. The second step is for all the people involved in the process to understand the need of reaching the same goal. The third step in the process is for all people involved to work together and share the responsibilities in making the decisions. The fourth step is to make sure all people have resources, which they intend to share with the others involved. You read "Functional Areas" in category "Essay examples" The fifth process is making sure everyone knows that with the shared responsibility, during the collaboration, each person is also responsible for the outcome. The final step in the collaboration process is establishing trust among everyone involved. Trust is a huge factor into how well a team performs. After working out all the details to the steps in the collaboration process, the members must make sure the schedule and guidelines are discussed and followed. Developing guidelines is a way to make sure all people involved are held accountable for the inactions or actions within the group. Kudler Fine Foods has started the collaboration process and the first KFF needs to do is have the purchasing and inventory manager’s start the process. The largest success of Kudler Fine Foods is the customers continuing to shop at the stores. To keep the customers coming back to Kudler Fine Foods, the collaboration team needs to consider the needs and wants of the customers. The inventory manager will assist by advising the team what products are selling and what products are not. The product manager may determine a better position in the store to make sure the non-selling items sell or the two individuals may cut back on that particular product to lessen the overhead. Kudler Fine Foods will need to implement an action plan to keep customers coming back, but also to introduce new products to the customers. Kudler Fine Foods has initiated a frequent shopper program, which enables customers to earn rewards with purchases. Rewards are coupons or a certain dollar amount off the entire shopping order once a certain level of purchases is met. KFF must also increase the marketing of the company and the rewards program to make sure the customers aware of the program. The marketing manager can collaborate with the inventory and purchasing managers to discuss how to best implement a successful marketing plan. Setting these processes in motion will give KFF an advantage above the competition Lateral and Vertical Collaboration Lateral collaboration occurs between the equivalent level of employees within the organization, and vertical collaboration would be between employees with a superior and subordinate relationship. An example of vertical collaboration occurred when Kathy Kudler coordinates the selection of sale merchandise with the store managers during the weekly operations meetings. Kathy has oversight of the entire organization and directs the merchandise and sale processes with her subordinate store managers. Good lateral collaboration is illustrated by cooperation between store managers in facilitating resupply of advertised merchandise between stores, to the stores with a higher demand. Kudler Fine Foods has no consistent purchasing procedure. The three department managers at each store independently place orders with suppliers based on the department manager’s subjective assessment of store requirements. Further, the onus is on the department manager â€Å"to obtain the best pricing, quality, and delivery possible† (Apollo Group, 2009, Supply Chain Overview, para. 1). This purchasing structure lacks both vertical and lateral collaboration and relies on the individual department managers to take additional steps to coordinate purchasing with other department managers. No mechanism for department managers to compare or discuss store needs among counterparts and no consistent pricing structure between store locations. A vertical disconnect is evident in that Kathy Kudler also places orders independent from the store managers. An action plan to improve both vertical and lateral collaboration within Kudler Fine Foods involves improvements to the purchasing process. Department managers would be required to have a department manager weekly review meeting where store merchandise needs, trends, and purchase requirements would be compared, discussed, and coordinated laterally into a purchase order plan. This purchase plan would be submitted vertically to a central purchasing agent at the administrative level who would facilitate the negotiation and purchase from suppliers to ensure the best pricing and quality. Key Stakeholders Kathy Kudler is the founder of KFF. She is the primary stakeholder, and because the company is a privately owned entity there are no shareholders in the company. The company does have investors who have a stake in the company. The investors or stakeholders are both internal and external and are monitored by the company. The stakeholders include the employees, consumers, suppliers, banks, and Kathy Kudler, and each can have an affect or be affected by the company. When Kathy first decided to create Kudler fine foods, she obtained financing. This is done generally through banks. Banking institutions will extend credit terms to consumers such as Kathy. Kathy can also go to these banks when she is obtaining funding for new stores or launching new products. Banking institutions can also help with extending the line of credit when peek seasons are low and profits might not be as large. The main point of financing comes from banking institutions. The staff of KFF is critical to the daily operations of the company. These employees have direct contact with consumers and serve as a primary point of contact for Kathy and consumers. Employees contribute to labor and the expertise to the company. In daily activities these employees are responsible for the growth of the stores, the appearance stores, maintenance in the stores, training new staff, and picking up the slack when other employees are not available. Because Kathy is not available daily to complete these activities it is important for the staff to complete these activities and ensure the success of the company. Consumers are a large part of the company, it is important for the consumers needs to be met, and this is done typically through purchasing goods. Customers rely on employees and Kathy to provide the goods that they are willing to purchase. Customers’ requests need to be met and Kudler has to decide whether the requests of the customer can be met or are feasible for the company to provide. If the products are not available to the consumer the company needs to look into alternate options to solve the problem and to keep the customer. Suppliers can also play an important role in the company. These suppliers are the backbone of the company and provide all the products necessary for the company to be successful. KFF have suppliers for wine, cheese, fresh produce, organic meats, and all bakery items. These come from both local and national suppliers. The local products ensure the highest quality of products and these suppliers need to remain on good financial terms to continue to build a business relationship. Conclusion Kathy Kudler has achieved success by hiring managers who take social responsibility seriously because he or she already has firm intuitions about what constitutes ethical and unethical conduct (Heath, 2006). The success of the company has many factors that contribute. The way that the stakeholders of the company relate and work together are important factors in any companies’ success. KFF has achieved the success the company has because of their ability to interact positively with all the stakeholders in the company. The existence of the company is to serve the customers of the community with the highest quality of gourmet foods. Kathy Kudler’s mission, vision, and values have made the company a success and a reality. References Apollo Group, Inc. 2009) Kudler Fine Foods; 2003 Strategic Plan. Retrieved July 24, 2011 from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/ad/strategicPlan. htm Apollo Group, Inc. (2009) Kudler Fine Foods; Supply Chain Overview. Retrieved July 24, 2011 from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/op/supplyChainOverview. htm Fontaine, C. W. (2007). Organizational Structure: A Critic al Factor for Organizational Effectiveness and Employee Satisfaction. Retrieved from professorfontaine. om/files/Organizational_Structure_White_Paper_v7b. pdf Kudler Fine Foods, About Kudler Fine Foods – Our Mission, 2010, Retrieved from: https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/internet/about. htm Kudler Fine Foods, Strategic Plan, 2003, Retrieved from: https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/ad/StrategicPlan2003. pdf Pearce, J. A. II, Robinson, R. B. (2009). Strategic management: Formulation, implementation, and control (11th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. How to cite Functional Areas, Essay examples

Economic and Social Implications System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Economic and Social Implications System. Answer: Introduction: People used to refer to the unknown reasons of societal risk as the "witchcraft" in Europe and North America. As the society developed, the idea of the witch had been virtually eliminated. Historically, the church did not believe in the witchcraft, but it took the responsibility of sustaining the societal welfare. Today experiments take place to decide the real causes of risk in different conditions. The modern science is against the self-delusion as it relies on the process of critical inquiry to discover the source of errors and uncover the truth. Skeptical could provide evidence that the witch effect does not exist in fact. The importance of the analysis of the witch effect and the witchcraft phenomenon of the early days is to realize the fact that what actually happens in the society and creates a risk to people is totally different from what they think as a reason. This phenomenon leads us to learn from the past experiences and consider their effect today. Also, the way the chur ch had treated the fear of people from the natural risk that affected them provides us with insights about the political system adopted in the past and how it had affected peoples' life. The power of the institutions have been increased as they used peoples' fear to govern people who believed that the evil was the cause of all the negative events, not the princes and pops. The argument by Trevor-Roper that the witch craze exists in the mindset of the renaissance, reveals that the human progress was not easy or simple. The political power used to respond to the unknown risk rather than to investigate it and control its effects. This approach represents a dream of risk-free life that would never take place (Clark 1980). The basic nature of risk assessment is mainly caused by people interest in resource management. The natural resources carry good and bad at the same time, for example, the river that carries water necessary to drink and irrigation also brings floods. This context is more realistic than the witch effect, as people have to adapt and cope with the events rather than use their imaginations and fiction to interpret the events that cause risk. The anthropological studies showed that the early societies used to adjust peoples' behavior to cope with the environmental risks. On the contrary, the modern societies have tended to pursue a different course of adaptation to reduce the variability of nature and control the environment by using large, capital intense and long-term projects. This modern approach could also succeed in achieving short-term goals. An argument to the modern approach assumes that the short-term achievements were at the expense of the long-term unexpected consequences, whi ch means that policymakers did not consider the uncalculated risk. The efforts made by the governments today aim to control risk, but each policy has positive and negative effects. The control of a risk is responsible for another risk which is not considered in planning for a solution to the first emerging risk. For example, preserving the forests by sustaining their varied and preserving the biological conditions. The invariability of the insecticides control, insects could spread in the entire forest, which requires continuous efforts in RD to prevent the evolution of the risk to become an epidemic. It is important to plan for eliminating the causes of the risk rather than to focus on the symptoms (Clark 1980). The same situation occurs in controlling the risk of the disease in the human beings. The control of uncertainty may result in increased vulnerability to become a disaster. For example, polio disease is still creating a big threat to the public health worldwide. The public health officials seek to eliminate the disease from the entire population that is why they conduct campaigns to ensure the total elimination of the disease. If the officials started to consider that polio does not represent a risk anymore, this could lead the society to face a real epidemic. Here we assure again that continuous monitoring and evaluation should take place to prevent any sort of potential risk. Moreover, the evolutionary biology results in substantial genetic differences in the population's survival. One form is likely to adapt to the environmental condition better than the others. Which means that some people will be able to adapt to the environmental changes, while others will fail, but the variation in the environment is likely to prevent a certain form from replacing the others. It is a mercy from God that the environment changes or many types of lives that cannot adapt to the environment would have been disappeared. The uncertainty of the natural system is a result of the dynamism of the system. It evolves continuously, as policymakers think they could control it and feel optimistic they are surprised by a wave of risk and hazard. The variability of the natural system plays a critical role in creating and maintaining relationships among the system components. The elimination of variability results in the creation of new relationships that people find that they have to deal with a new sort of variability. This leads us to realize a fact that resource management is a complex process that yields different and surprising new circumstances over the time. The resource management scheme should be designed in a resilient way to be able to cope with the unexpected conditions and the variability of the resource system. To overcome the system variability, uncertainty-tolerant management policies have emerged in the form of "soft-failure" system that goes beyond the resource management system. This approach represents the aggregate risk assessment as it measures the probability of risk, makes trade-offs, calculates the social risk-benefit and defines the common goods (Clark 1980). Risk detection is very important to ensure the public safety. The advocates argue that regulation failed to detect risk of introducing the American drugs. They seek the best safety conditions to the public and people represented in the drug review panels. This situation represents an argument of ensuring the public safety from different parties, the regulating party which is the main responsible for assuring public safety, the advocates of the peoples' safety who argue that the regulatory framework did not provide sufficient guarantees for public safety and the peoples' representatives in the drug review panel. The Congress which shows responsive action to the importance of drug safety by intervening the FDA on regular bases. The Congress efforts failed to meet the requests of the FDA in representing a legislative mandate that balances between the risks and benefits of a public good in a democratic way. This situation transformed the public safety issue into a political issue. Which means an involvement in the process of risk assessment that considers the basic goals to contribute in the public interest. Joshua Lederberg a systems analytic- argues that issues related to the public health are complex, time-consuming and expensive. That is why it should not be treated as a plausible safety measure as it might lead to increase in the total risk. The experimental design is different from the routine issues. Deregulation could be a solution, but it does not assure the total public safety. An appropriate risk assessment needs to emerge from empirical experiences from different countries governed by different regulations (Clark 1980). The three represented approaches to risk management aim to manage risk to establish a more predictable environment with better response to it through the contribution of different parties, including, politicians, regulators, advocates and people. Collective efforts are coordinated in order to manage the unexpected events that evolve continuously. Risk management is coping with uncertainty in an effective way, with creativity and confidence to the changing environment. Increasing the risk-taking ability should be the main target, not the accommodation with the unknown as represented in the first approach. The three represented approaches show the improvements in the human ability to manage risk through the knowledge of both of the risk and the benefits, making trade-offs and the reaction to the unexpected changes in the environment. Despite the emergence of the "risk-free" earning strategies, Boehm-Bawerk's Law theory has emerged. It assumes that the greater benefits could arise from the greater uncertainty through risk-taking. This theory represents the basis of the strategic corporate planning, as entrepreneurial success depends on its ability to take the risk. The ability of the entrepreneurs to take risk is considered as a biological factor that enables them to cope with risk. Different researchers have argued the issue of quality control and its effect in managing risk, others argue the importance of a rigorous science to eliminate the exploitation and incompleteness that characterize risk science today. This research has effectively differentiated between the old ways of risk management by just responding to it and the contemporary risk management with its ability to control risk and manage the social safety. Learning from errors is a central notion of the modern policy analysis. The rational management is used to evaluate policies and its evolution in different fields of examination (Clark 1980). Personal and societal responses to risk An example of a societal risk is the great failure of Malaria control in Africa. Malaria is still the most important parasitic disease that threatens the humans' lives. About 600 million malaria cases occur every year and 1 million deaths because of it. The majority of infections takes place in sub-Saharan Africa, it is considered an obstacle to development (Kouyat et al. 2007; The European Alliance Against Malaria 2007). Item People affected by the disaster Management Imposition People resist chloroquine, but they accept pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine Imposed antimalarial drug worldwide called 'chloroquine' Voluntariness People kept refusing chloroquine Volunteering efforts are made by WHO and the UNICEF Equitability Chloroquine is the main treatment of Malaria in Burkina Faso. The people resist this drug Suggested to switch from the chloroquine to ACT State of knowledge Peoples' disagreement about risk stems from their resistance to change, they tend to reject any information that seems inconsistent with their beliefs. The population state of knowledge is high. The management of societal risks in Burkina Faso failed to gain the acceptability of risk to the community Proximity People in Sub Saharan Africa are the most affected people with the Malaria pandemic. The proximity of infection and death is very high The proximity of risk is very high as people refuse to take the chloroquine and ACT is not available in the market. Time In the case of Malaria pandemic in Burkina Faso, the consequences happen as a continuous process as nothing could prevent it. No series actions were taken by the government to set a time limit to the expansion of infection. Extreme value The severity of risk that people face increases. It also leads people to focus on the extreme values of consequences. It also represents a high level of fear to people as their children die daily with no hope for a suitable solution. The UNICEF argues for the necessity of developing strategies to prevent Malaria and the adopt practices of personal hygiene Dread Malaria in Burkina Faso is highly endemic and the main cause of morbidity and even mortality The ministry of health has arranged for a national meeting to discuss the options of malaria treatment that suggested to switch from the chloroquine to ACT Unknown People ignore the fact that the ACT is unavailable in the market. The World Health Organization (WHO) also discovered that the decision of switching to ACT was not developed in practice and the drug is not available through government health services The UNICEF also argues for the necessity of developing strategies to prevent Malaria and the adopt practices of personal hygiene. Number affected People and their children die every day. As a result of the affection. It kills a child every 30 seconds About 600 million malaria cases occur every year and 1 million deaths because of it. Sources: Kouyat et al. (2007), The European Alliance Against Malaria (2007), UNICEF (2012), Slovic (1987) and Viner (2018). Legal and victim views of risk The general statements of expectation of theWork Health and Safety Act 2012of South Australia (SafeWork SA 2012 p.1), are as follows: Establish health and safety duties, including the primary duty to protect any person from exposure to hazards and risks that arise from work. provide for worker representation, consultation and participation including through Health and Safety Representatives and Health and Safety Committees. Assessment of risk in relation to a class of hazards, tasks, circumstances or things (South Auatralia 2017 p. 56) all hazards, tasks, things or circumstances in the class are the same; and the assessment of risks for the class does not result in any worker or other person being exposed to a greater, additional or different risk to health and safety than if the risk assessment were carried out in relation to each individual hazard, task, thing or circumstance. Regulations and codes of practice in relation to reasonably practical According to the Government of South Australia (2015 P. 6-7): 'In accordance with SA Health Policy Directive Work Health, Safety and Injury Management, SA Health acknowledges that the strategic and operational management of risk is integral to everyday sound management practice and good corporate and clinical governance. Roles and Responsibilities: The following Roles and Responsibilities are specific to this policy directive and should be read in conjunction with SA Health Policy Directive - Roles, Responsibilities and Governance (WHS): 5.1 Chief Executive / Deputy Chief Executives Will take reasonably practicable steps to: Exercise due diligence to ensure compliance with the intent of this policy directive and associated procedure; Establish awareness and accountability for the implementation of this policy directive. The four common law tests of negligence from a defending lawyer point of view The case represents Samarco iron ore mine disaster that resulted in the collapse of the Fundo dam at Mariana and caused a death of 19 people, damaging of villages and hundreds of homeless people beside of the pollution of the river. Samarco is owned by BHP and fellow iron ore giant Vale. It is considered as the largest disaster in Brazil's history (Lannin 2017). The case of Samarco reveals the lack of an emergency plan, problems in the licensing process, failure of the supervisory, and the negligence (Neotropica 2016). The four common law tests of negligence could be discussed according to Thomson (2015), Belmans (2017) and Ong (2016), as follows: The test of causation: The government of Brazil is the plaintiff of the disaster and Samarco has agreed to pay $US2.3 to the government to compensate the damages that took place after the collapse of the Fundo dam. Foresee-ability: The investigations that took place after the disaster revealed that BHP, Vale and Samarco are the direct responsibiles for the disaster due to a range of construction and design flaws. This puts a burden on the owners of the mine and they will respond accordingly. Controllability: The owners of the mine confess their responsibility for the disaster and decided to finance the efforts of cleaning up Samarco by allocating $US181 Mn. and $US133 million to the Renova Foundation, the charitable organization responsible for restoration works and compensate people and $US48 Mn. to run the mine. Reasonableness: The owners of the mine take the responsibility of eliminating the consequences of the disaster on the side of the environment, the homeless people and the work activities in the mine. Samarco Dam failure The risk assessment techniques are used to describe the means of combining qualitative ratings of consequence and probability to yield a risk rating (Peace 2017). Risk assessment is the basis for successful health and safety management, it is essential for reducing the occupational diseases and work-related accidents(Wijeratne, Perera Silva 2014). The successful risk management involves technical and social complementary functions. The social functions include actions related to the institutional dynamics necessary to communicate and understand the risk results and action implementation to reduce risk (Murnane, Simpson Jongman 2016). The disaster of the fall of the Samarco dam in 2016 has been negotiated by different governmental entities to evaluate the environmental and socio-economic damage caused by the disaster. The time period since the disaster happened is not enough to accurately evaluate the environmental and socio-economic damage that happened as a result of the disaster. The government has allocated a fixed amount of money of BRL 240 Mn. per year to cover the expenditure needed for compensation of the disastrous consequences. These disbursements are scheduled with a limited contribution for the first six years for the victims of the disaster. The Federal Prosecutor's Office offers the settlements primarily to the companies to protect their assets at the expense of the affected populations and the environmental needs. Moreover, it does not offer a mechanism for any foundations to implement projects required by Samarco. The MPF and the Public Prosecutors Office of the State of Minas Gerais in 2015 have e stablished an environmental guarantee of BRL 1 Bn. to fund the compensation. In addition, in order to better understand the consequences of the disaster, a multilateral agreement was established between several governmental entities and Samarco in 2015 to conduct a series of measures for emergencies including the water supply to certain cities (Salinas 2016). Management involves two components, risk determination and risk evaluation. The determination of the risk consequences involves the consequences of the potential risk, its magnitude and impact. The risk could be classified into four types of undesirable consequences representing the different severity and predictability. Crockford (1986) as cited in Tummala Schoenherr (2011) classifies them in trivial, small, medium and large. He assumes that the trivial consequences occur with a very high frequency, Many financial advisors and fund boards are reevaluating the organizational structures in relation to risk management through the adoption of more formal risk management practices. They adopt different approaches according to size, resources, business type and complexity of funds (The Investment Company Institute 2011). Stakeholders have to adapt to the needs and dedicate internal and external resources to assist in the risk management needs (Deloitte 2016). With regard to the previous analysis, the severity of the Fundo dam collapse is very high. After one year of the disaster, 43 million m3 of iron ore are still causing environmental damage and polluting 668 km of water (Do Carmoa et al. 2017). BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda has signed an agreement to fund a US$181 Mn. to support Renova Foundation and Samarco Minera financially. About US$48 Mn. were allocated to Samarco to carry the ongoing repair works in the short-run and cover facilities to support restart planning with a value of US$42 Mn. and the rest of the fund of US$6 Mn. were allocated to fund the experts contracted with the compensation programs (BHP Billiton 2017). Moreover, the total support allocated to Samarco by the various stakeholders accounted for US$137,097 in the first half of 2017 and US$142,000 in the second half of 2017. It is also expected that two more stakeholders will contribute with US$313,000 to directly fund the compensation programs continuously. All of these agreements are held under the control of Samarco (Samarco 2016). References Belmans, K 2017, How negligence caused Brazils worst environmental disaster, viewed 17 April 2018, https://generatietransitie.be/en/news/how-negligence-caused-brazil%E2%80%99s-worst-environmental-disaster. BHP Billiton 2017, BHP to fund $181m for more Samarco dam cleanup, viewed 17 April 2018, https://www.mining.com/web/bhp-fund-181m-brazil-dam-cleanup/. Clark, W 1980, 'Witches, floods, and wonder drugs: Historical perspectives on risk management', Internaational Institute of Applied Syatems Analysis , Austria. Deloitte 2016, 'Risk management for alternative investment funds Deloitte: Your partner of choice', Deloitte, Luxembourg. Do Carmoa, F, Kamino, L, Junior, R, De Camposa, L, Silvino, G, De Castro, K, Mauro, M, Rodrigues, N, Miranda, M Pinto, C 2017, 'Fundo tailings dam failures: the environment tragedy of the largest technological disaster of Brazilian mining in global context', Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation, vol 15, pp. 145151. Government of South Australia 2015, 'Policy Directive: compliance is mandatory', The Government, South Australia. Kouyat, B, Sie, A, Y, M, De Allegri, M Mller , O 2007, The great failure of Malaria control in Africa: A district perspective from Burkina Faso , viewed 13 April 2018, https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0040127. Lannin, S 2017, Brazil dam collapse: BHP to give $235 million more for clean-up of environmental disaster, viewed 13 April 2018, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-22/bhp-provides-millions-more-after-samarco-dam-disaster-brazil/9282394. Murnane, R, Simpson, A Jongman, B 2016, 'Understanding risk: what makes a risk assessment successful?', International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, vol 7, no. 2, pp. 186-200. Neotropica, B 2016, Point of view: Hidden impacts of the Samarco mining waste dam collapse to Brazilian marine fauna - an example from the staurozoans (Cnidaria), viewed 17 April 2018, https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttextpid=S1676-06032016000200401. Ong , T 2016, BHP Billiton-owned mining company agrees to pay $3.2bn to Brazil Government over 2015 dam collapse, viewed 17 April 2018, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-03-03/samarco-agrees-to-pay-brazil-government-for-dam-collapse/7216164. Peace, C 2017, 'The risk matrix: uncertain results?', Policy and practice in health and safety, vol 15, no. 2, pp. 131144. SafeWork SA 2012, Work health and safety act and regulations, viewed 13 April 2018, https://www.safework.sa.gov.au/show_page.jsp?id=112257. Salinas, N 2016, 'Samarco case: legal, economic and social implications of the greatest environmental disaster in Brazil', The Center for Research in Law Economics at FGV DIREITO RIO, Brazil. Samarco 2016, 'Samarco financial statements', PwC, UK. Slovic, P 1987, 'Perception of risk', Science, vol 236, pp. 280-285. South Auatralia 2017, Work health and safety regulations 2012, viewed 13 April 2018, https://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/LZ/C/R/WORK%20HEALTH%20AND%20SAFETY%20REGULATIONS%202012.aspx. The European Alliance Against Malaria 2007, 'Malaria and poverty', The European Alliance Against Malaria, Belgium. The Investment Company Institute 2011, 'Fund board oversight of risk management', The Investment Company Institute, USA. Thomson, T 2015, BHP Billiton Samarco mine disaster caused by negligence, says Brazilian official, viewed 17 April 2018, https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/bhp-billiton-samarco-mine-disaster-caused-by-negligence-says-brazilian-official-20151111-gkvx1v.html. Tummala, R Schoenherr, T 2011, 'Assessing and managing risks using the supply chain risk management process (SCRMP)', Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, vol 16, no. 6, pp. 474-483. UNICEF 2012, 'Disaster risk reduction in school curricula: Case studies from thirty countries', UNICEF, Geneva. Viner, D 2018, 'Risk perception and analysis', Swinburne University of Technology, Australia. Wijeratne, W, Perera, B Silva, L 2014, 'Identification and assessment risks in maintenance operations', Built Environment Project and Asset Management, vol 4, no. 4, pp. 384-405.

Phylicia Nixon Essays - Euthanasia, Medical Ethics, Death, Suicide

Phylicia Nixon Brooks 6 23 January 2015 Final Paper Assisted suicide, the right to say yes Taylor is 16 years and has cancer. Her best friend Chloe takes her to radiation every Tuesday and Thursday. Two years have gone by and Taylor is now in the hospital. The doctors cannot remove her cancer cell. Taylor constantly tells Chloe how much pain she is in. Taylor decides to ask Chloe's opinion on using the Euthanasia method. Chloe said "No! Taylor I don't like it you are being selfish." I personally support the Euthanasia method. The euthanasia method is offered to patients with terminal illnesses. Everyone in the world has their own opinion on the Euthanasia method. Assisted Suicide "Euthanasia" is forbidden in 44 states. Currently, the only legislation explicitly allowing assisted suicide is Oregon's Death with dignity act. The act permits physicians to end their own lives. They do it by writing prescriptions for a lethal dose of medication. People should have the right to be in charge of their own lives. Assisted suicide is not a bad choice to make. The euthanasia method is all about helping the patient. It is cruel to keep a person alive that is suffering. Patients chose this option because sometimes there is nothing else that can be done. Some say it is a religious issue; that people should die naturally. Assisted suicide should not be allowed because people with ask for the injection to take their own life. Families fear that the injection will not be properly administered to patients that are not in need. Using the euthanasia method does not mean that the person is giving up on life. Patients normally consider euthanasia method when they are in the finally stages of their terminal illness. On some occasions patients ask the doctors to sign a paper saying that "they will not medicate the patient". That is when doctors recommend the euthanasia method. Patients that qualify for the euthanasia method are often in a vegetable state, meaning they are unable to make a conscious decision. Euthanasia is from a Greek term "dying well". It is a lethal use of medication that is administered in the body that causes instant death. People that consider using the euthanasia method often deal with the unethical questions that revolve around it. In my opinion, not one is fit to judge someone else's life that they feel is no longer worth living. Although many people believe that euthanasia should be illegal in all states; I think it eases minds of families with a ill loved one.

Sample Source Code For Java Program

Sample Source Code For Java ProgramWhat is a sample source code for a Java program? It is the documentation or the manual that is meant to teach you how to make a Java program by using its instructions. But instead of being a manual, it is often referred to as an example or a sample source code for a Java program.When a person chooses to learn how to make a program from standard software, they will need to follow a specific process. Sometimes these steps may be quite complex and may require a lot of knowledge and experiences.For the purpose of this article, let us assume that we have a sample source code for a Java program. For this example, let us presume that we are making a Java program to write an essay. In most cases, an essay is a very difficult thing to write, and usually it requires a lot of know-how and experience. There is no way to learn everything from one or two sources.This means that if we want to write a simple text essay, we will have to go through a lot of informati on first. This may not even be the whole of it. Sometimes the final product may include the most complicated part of the whole project.An example of this would be a Java program that will not only help us to write an essay, but will also be able to fix any bugs or problems that may occur during the execution of the program. This program will then be a perfect source code for a Java program called essay.But what if you cannot spare even five minutes or even one hour to learn all this stuff? Then the best option for you is a Java program. But the problem with this is that it is quite difficult to find a sample source code forgave program from anywhere.The best source code for a Java program usually comes with a trial version. You can download the source code and try it out on a limited basis and check how it works. If you are not satisfied with it, you can always send it back to the company, and they will replace it for you.So, in summary, the best source code for a Java program will have a trial version included with it. In most cases, this trial version will also contain some interactive Java programs that will guide you step by step through the process of making a program. But remember, this is only a guide, and you should not allow yourself to get lost when trying to make a program.

genetics and the pros and cons essays

genetics and the pros and cons essays Genetic Engineering: Correcting the Code Often there is a sudden breakthrough in a field of sciences, a key moment, an experiment, an event that changes people's lives all over the world. In September of 1990, the first genetic treatment of a human being with an inherited illness was they key moment or event for genetics. They injection of a genetically altered white blood cells into the child's body was little more than a transfusion. The child sat on a bed, an intravenous tube was hooked to her arm and her own white blood cells were infused into her circulation. Yet those white blood cells were like no other cells in history. They had been genetically engineered (Thompson 9). This girl isn't alone in beating the odds. Genetic engineering has grown and become more common. People with diseases, infertile men, and farmers especially should recognize the many benefits from genetic engineering. They could end up with a cure a lot faster and find easier ways of getting treatment to healthier foods. From this kind of example, genetic engineering should be a known and accepted practice. It is a safe way to create good quality foods, create new lives, and cure diseases. In May of 1994, the Food and Drug Administration approved a genetically engineered tomato called Flavr Savr. Many people cringe at the thought of eating them. These tomatoes, though, are proven better and healthier even though they are slow ripening. The idea of altering a plant's traits seems radical and new, but scientists have been doing it for years by breeding desired qualities into crops (Henkel 10). Subsequently, seven vegetables were brought to market under the Pre-Market Notification, PostMarket Authority approach that will govern the introduction of the new Some exceptions are made when a gene from a potentially allergenic food , like peanuts, is transferred into another food, o...

10 Writing Tips for a Winning Web Site

10 Writing Tips for a Winning Web Site 10 Writing Tips for a Winning Web Site 10 Writing Tips for a Winning Web Site By Mark Nichol Some time ago, I posted some general guidelines for writing for an online audience. Here are some specific time-tested tips for attracting and keeping site visitors with clean, clear writing: 1. Keyword Top Labels Use keywords for window titles and taglines, and keep them sharp and succinct. These labels are for helping Internet users get to your site because they typed them into a search engine and your site came up in the results, not for wowing visitors when they get there (assuming they get there, because you’re not using keywords to help searchers). 2. Keyword Display Copy Employ keywords, not clever words, to begin headings, headlines, and link names, and keep the display copy brief. Most Web site visitors scan just the first one or two words of display copy. In â€Å"Where to Go on Vacation This Summer,† the first keyword appears as the fifth word of seven. (Go isn’t a keyword, because you don’t yet know what kind of going is involved.) â€Å"Summer-Vacation Destinations,† by contrast, gives you three keywords out of three, with the two most important ones in first and second place. This approach is especially advantageous for a commerce site, but your personal blog shouldn’t be any different (assuming you want to attract new site visitors, not just impress current ones). 3. Avoid All Capital Letters Don’t use all capital letters, even in display copy. All-cap text is harder to scan and to read. Do, however, use initial caps for headings and headlines. 4. Avoid Exclamation Points Unless your site is all about bringing the funny or attempting to do so don’t use exclamation points. (Another exception: if all the i’s are dotted with circles or hearts.) 5. Omit Extraneous Spaces or Punctuation All-cap initials and acronyms, of course, but don’t separate letters with word spaces or with periods. Omit apostrophes when attaching a plural s to such abbreviations. 6. Avoid Superfluous Headings Eschew headings and headlines like â€Å"Features† and â€Å"Links† for self-evident sections. 7. Make Navigation and Display Easy on the Eyes Make it easy to find other pages and archived content, and avoid making the home page and other pages busy in general. 8. Keyword Navigation Never use â€Å"Click here† or â€Å"More† (by itself) or â€Å"Next page† for a link name. Use keywords: â€Å"Archive,† â€Å"More Top 10 Lists,† â€Å"Ski Trip, Day 2.† 9. Limit Font and Background Styles Avoid multiple fonts, font sizes, font colors, and background colors. Use one font for display copy and another for running text. Limit italics to emphasis of words and short phrases. Employ boldface generously in display copy but sparingly in running text. 10. Write for First-Time Visitors If you want to attract a general readership, write for a general readership. Don’t dumb down, but do explain obscure terminology and do spell acronyms out. (You could provide a glossary, but briefly explaining, or spelling out, an unfamiliar term needn’t be distracting to either lay readers or experts.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs Past7 Tips for Writing a Film ReviewHow Do You Fare?